Identity issue of Dhaugoda Newar after unification of the Bhaktapur Kingdom in Nepal
This research explores how Malla Newars families had displaced from Bhaktapur and migrated to Choprang Ramechhap after unification of then Bhaktapur Kingdom in Nepal. Basically three research questions have asked in this research: 1) how did then ruling Malla families displace from the Sukuldhoka Bhaktapur and change Malla surname to Dhaugoda? 2) How did Dhaugoda surname change to Shrestha at Choprang, Ramechhap? 3) Why have they interested to change their surname as Dhaugada again? The research was based on post modernism world view. Qualitative research methodology was administered and in-depth interview with 10 elder people and group discussions were done. The study reveals that 50 households of Newar have been living at Choprang including 9th generation. They had been migrated here from Sukuldhoka, Bhaktapur after conquest over Bhaktapur by Prithivi Narayan Shah on 17th November, 1769. Then Malla families who did not agree over unification were either brutally killed or hardly survived. Some of them had started selling yoghurt and changed their surname as Dhaugoda so that Shah rural did not detain and kill. It is believed that they were then Malla ruler’s clan having close linkage with them. Moreover, they never used to sell yoghurt during the Malla regime in Bhaktapur. After dawn of the Shah Regime, they were deprived different ways. Meantime, two Dhaugoda families had migrated to eastern part of valley namely Bhaisepati, Chauri of Kabrepalanchok and one family had migrated to Choprang Ramechhap for getting rid from brutal revenge of the Shah ruler.
Most of the Dhaugoda Newar families living at Choprang started to write Shrestha as surname while Nepal government initiated to provide citizenship. Some of families again migrated to Panauti, Bhaisepati, Bhaktapur, Kathmandu, Hanumangunj Bara, Thosey Ramechhap. The families migrated in Kathmandu valley has again started to write Dhaugoda instead of Shrestha. Some families also use to write Dhoju instead of Shrestha and Dhaugoda. The families living at Choprang and migrated other places are still adopted Shrestha as surname. Indeed, the family migrated from Sukuldhoka Bhaktapur had never adopted yoghurt making and selling occupation. Dhaugoda living at Choprang go to Bhaisepati for worshiping “Kulpuja” as some of Dhaugoda families have been living there having own culture through Guthi system. Due to frequent change in surname, genealogy of the Dhaugoda is controversial. In this context, they have formed a Dhaugoda society as an informal organization for searching identity and have started to interact with each other as common agendas of identity. They have raised identity issues at local level but it has not been come as a vibrant voice. Finally, researchers concluded that then Malla families lost their identity after merging Bhaktapur in Nepal. In nut shell, identity issue comes in ground vibrantly as own dignity when favorable condition comes in any society.
Key words: Newar, Malla, Dhaugoda, Shrestha, Identity, Post modernism