The Pancheshwar Multipurpose Project (PMP) is emblematic of the cooperative transboundary endeavours shared by Nepal and India. Its anticipated benefits, spanning power generation, irrigation, and flood control, are well recognized. However, the project’s overarching implications for the communities residing in its vicinity often go unarticulated in mainstream discussions. This study seeks to foreground these voices, providing a nuanced exploration into the human dimension associated with the PMP. By harnessing insights from an extensive survey dataset, the research paints a comprehensive picture of the diverse perceptions, hopes, apprehensions, and reservations held by respondents across both nations. These findings not only throw light on the tangible and intangible costs and benefits perceived by the local populace but also spotlight the gaps in communication and understanding between the project’s stakeholders and the community. In doing so, the paper moves beyond the conventional realms of technical feasibility and diplomatic negotiations that tend to overshadow the PMP discourse. Instead, it emphasises the critical necessity of crafting infrastructural projects that are rooted in inclusivity, sustainability, and are respectful of local sentiments, cultural values, and environmental sanctity.

Keywords: Pancheshwar Multipurpose Project, transboundary collaboration, local perceptions, sustainable project design, cultural integrity, environmental conservation, Nepal-India cooperation, community feedback.